A Comparison of Country and City Life in Alan Patons Cry...

The country and the city life depicted in Alan Patons novel Cry, The Beloved Country portray two different aspects of life in South Africa in the later half of the 1940s. The country life in the book is Ndotsheni and the city life is Johannesburg. Neither country life or city life would be considered perfect. Both living areas enjoyed positive aspects and negative drawbacks. The country was looked at as the backward part of South Africa, and the city was looked at as the advanced part of South Africa. For the most part though people living in the country would rater stay in the country, and those who make their living in the city would rather live there. These two parts of the country were only separated by a days worth of travel on†¦show more content†¦The Africans of Ndotsheni were backward people. They did have a school, but there were only teaching the same principles that had been passed on for generations. They were an uneducated people, as far as it would have been t hought in the European sense of education. Family plays an important role to the tribes of Ndotsheni. The whole tribe looks after each other as if they were one large family. When a person is sick the whole community prays for a quick recovery. The community was anything but modern at this time. They little of modern technology and saw very few motorized vehicles. Quite a bit different from the life in Ndotsheni was the city life of Johannesburg. This was an industrial city thriving off the mining of gold deposits. The white man was making a fortune off of the gold industry. The city was home to mostly all Afrikaners. The surrounding suburbs were where Africans were able to buy land or set up in shantytowns. This type of housing was barely decent enough to be called a home. In a suburb such as Claremont it is shabby and dirty, and the streets are filled with filth. In these areas is where loose women and criminals tended to live or hide out in. These are also the areas where the black children did not attend school either because they do not care or their parents do not care, or the schools are full. (59) The whites of the cityShow MoreRelated Cry the Beloved Country Movie versus Film Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pages Cry, the Beloved Country is a moving story of the Zulu pastor Stephen Kumalo and his son Absalom. They live in an Africa torn apart by racial tensions and hate. It is based on a work of love and hope, courage, and endurance, and deals with the dignity of man. The author lived and died (1992) in South Africa and was one of the greatest writers of that country. His other works include Too Late the Phalarope, Ah, but Your Land Is Beautiful, and Tales from a Troubled Land. The book was made

Pat Barkers Regeneration Essay - 1105 Words

Pat Barkers Regeneration Pat Barkers Regeneration focuses on the troubled soldiers mental status during World War One. Barker introduces the feelings soldiers had about the war and militarys involvement with the war effort. While Regeneration mainly looks at the male perspective, Barker includes a small but important female presence. While Second Lieutenant Billy Prior breaks away from Craiglockhart War Hospital for an evening, he finds women at a cafe in the Edinburgh district (Barker 86). He comes to the understanding that the women are munitions workers. Womens involvement in war work in Regeneration shows the potential growth in womens independence, but at the expense of restrictions placed on men while they were on the†¦show more content†¦Even by supporting equal pay, women still earned less then their male counterparts, but found the pay much higher than the domestic jobs they left. Equal pay may not have been as equal as women hoped, but their experience and reason for working in the factori es allowed them to feel more distinguished than working in domesticated services. While men argued against women working in factories, the women were taking full strides to prove their strength and abilities while working under harsh and almost unbearable conditions. Women worked long hours exposed to chemicals and explosives that caused damaging health conditions. The most noticeable health problem came from TNT poisoning that caused jaundice (Robb 43). The symptoms women suffered were pains below the xiphisternum, loss of appetite, nausea, constipation, dermatitis, irritability, depression, and some change in menstruation (Thom 124). Under harsh conditions, women continued to prove their abilities though suffering with health ailments. Barker introduces Sarah Lumb, Lizzy, Madge, and Betty as munition-ettes in order to show the experiences of the home front effort in the plot (Barker 87). Barker uses Sarah to help Billy Prior and readers understand the monotonous, harsh conditions of the factories, and a womans desire to expand her economic status. In this scene, readers are presented with Sarahs background as a servant who finds munitions work more reliable forShow MoreRelated Pat Barkers Regeneration1667 Words   |  7 Pagesthat society began to see the emergence of contraception and its acceptance. Readers can also see its emergence in Regeneration on page 128, as Billy Prior propositions his new love interest by stating he always paddles with me boots on, a reference to the fact that he, as an army man, always wears contraception when having intercourse. With this background, we can now see how Pat Barker uses this brief cultural reference to remind readers of the history of contraception for both men and wome nRead More Heritage and Identity in Pat Barkers Regeneration1563 Words   |  7 PagesThe presence of Jews in England has been a source of controversy for many reasons. On page 35 of Pat Barkers historical novel Regeneration, Siegfried Sassoon reveals the nature of his relationship with his father, who left home when he was five, and gives an account of his Jewish history. Though he hadnt been raised Jewish and apparently had no association with his Jewish relatives, Sassoon was subjected to the discrimination that was often seen in England before and during WWI. Through SassoonsRead More Courage in Pat Barkers Regeneration Essay1763 Words   |  8 PagesCourage in Pat Barkers Regeneration During the Vietnam War, many Americans decided to choose conscientious objector status and serve the war effort in non-combative ways; others moved to Canada, leaving their families, their communities, and their nation because of strong political convictions. While some said these people were cowards and a disgrace to their families and their nation, others argued that those had just as much courage as the men on the front lines. Although moving to CanadaRead MorePortrayal of Role of Women in Society in Pat Barkers Regeneration1223 Words   |  5 PagesRegeneration focuses on troubled soldiers mental states during WW1. The Craiglockhart setting allows Barker to explore the psychological effects of warfare on men who went to fight and also their feelings about the war and the military s involvement in it. While the focus of the novel is firmly on the male perspective (indeed Barker claimed she had partly chosen this novel to prove she could do men as well as women ), there is a sma ll but important female presence. When WW1 began in 1914Read MorePat Barkers Regeneration, Wilfred Owens Poetry and Joseph Hellers Catch-223081 Words   |  13 PagesExplore the psychological and moral impact of war on soldiers and civilians in Pat Barkers Regeneration and Wilfred Owens poetry. In the course of your writing show how your ideas have been illuminated by your response to Joseph Hellers Catch-22 and other readings of both core texts. Pat Barkers Regeneration, Wilfred Owens poetry and Joseph Hellers Catch-22 can all be categorised as subjective war texts  as the main structural principle is not dominated by characters actions, but ratherRead More Comparing Irony of War in Dulce et Decorum, Regeneration, and Quiet on the Western Front1165 Words   |  5 PagesIrony of War Exposed in Dulce et Decorum, Regeneration, and Quiet on the Western Front    Many of the young officers who fought in the Great War enlisted in the army with glowing enthusiasm, believing that war was played in fancy uniforms with shiny swords. They considered war as a noble task, an exuberant journey filled with honor and glory. 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One of the major themes in Pat barker’s ‘Regeneration’ is gender and masculinity, this is my chosen theme. The novel overall reflects the struggles of World War one soldiers and their attempts to overcome the trauma of war experience. In this essay, I will be exploring ways which Barker represents my chosen themes. By discussing in depth and focusing on homosexuality, parenthood, emasculation, and mutism as a symbol. A keyRead MoreAnalysis Of Pat Barker s Night 2568 Words   |  11 Pagesanalyzing speak about the idea of mental health or war trauma during World War I and World War II, instead of calling it PTSD the authors call is shell shock, which is close to the definition of PTSD. The two books that I am analyzing is Pat Barker s Regeneration, which is focused on a mental institution and how soldiers deal with shell shock and many other internal struggles. The second is Elie Wiesel’s book Night, which speaks about a family that is taken to a concentration camp and is dealingRead MoreEmasculation Essay882 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿How does Pat Barker use symbolism in the novel Regeneration to explore the theme of emasculation? The theme emasculation appears several times throughout the novel Regeneration in variety of forms. Barker’s exploration of emasculation in the novel challenges traditional notions of manliness, showing war as a possible â€Å"feminine† experience. Pat Barker is bringing to attention that the atrocities suffered at war are making the soldiers unmanly as they’re facing shell shock and trauma. There are many

Review of Warwick Debates on Nationalism free essay sample

On October 24th, 1995, two of the best-known scholars of nationalism participated in what has now become known as the â€Å"Warwick Debate on Nationalism† under the host of Edward Mortimer at the Warwick University. Each respected speaker presented thoughts and approaches to the study of nationalism that have laid the foundation for two separate, yet prevalent suppositions toward nationalism: Anthony Smith’s primordial approach and Ernest Gellner’s modernist theory. When reviewing the discussions of intellectual masters, it is important to establish the strengths and weaknesses of their arguments before determining a superior concept. Without having any previous knowledge of nationalism, one could easily understand Anthony Smith’s well-organized and cleanly explained argument as he begins with clear definitions of nationalism, nation, and state. Each definition is important as they highlight the fundamental difference between primordialism and modernism: when nationalism began. Smith’s definition of nationalism is an ideological movement that achieves and maintains sovereignty, unity, and the identity of a human population. We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Warwick Debates on Nationalism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His definition of a nation is a named population that shares a territory, myths, culture, memories, and offers an economy, common rights, and duties for its population. And his definition of a state is a legal and political concept that is a public institution of coercion and extraction within a territory. Smith’s definitions are essential to his argument of primordial origins of nationalism because the nation represents a fulfillment of the needs presented in a nationalist movement. According to these definitions, a nationalist movement, or nationalism, would be seeking the autonomy, unity, and identity of its community. Thus, this ‘need’ could be fulfilled in Smith’s definition of a nation being a community that shares a historic territory, single economy, common rights, and duties for all members. These definitions take away the political agenda that is often associated with nationalism in the modern period. Another strength of Smith’s case is in his acknowledgment of a form of modern nationalism that began from the need to fulfill the demand that changes in the modern world brought forth. This is where his definition of a state is likewise essential because it then becomes the fulfillment of this new ‘need’ of the people. Smith intently adds that a state is not a community. Herein lies the single most important concept that Smith implies, which is that modern nationalism is a continuation of the heritages, cultures, and territory that are found in pre-modern national communities. Smith refers to this concept as the â€Å"ethno-symbolic approach. † Staying true to his politician technique of covering his footprints, Smith quickly notes that this is not a theory, simply an approach. This gives his approach the flexibility to cover a lot of ground, both chronologically and non-chronologically, without being subject to concentrated scrutiny. Smith terms the ethno-symbolic approach by stating that many, not all, modern political nationalisms cannot be understood without understanding their connection to their ethnic ties and memories, and in some cases, to their pre-modern communities. Smith asserts that the ethno-symbolic approach offers a slight guide as to which populations nationalism will grow among and in what direction such movements may go. Smith notes that the importance of the role of memories, values, myths, and symbols can be seen in the common actions of nationalism by adding that nationalism â€Å"often involves the pursuit of ‘symbolic’ goals – education in a language, †¦ the preservation of ancient sacred sites, the right to worship in one’s own way, have one’s own courts, schools and press, wear particular costume, and so on†¦. Smith concludes his explanation of the ethno-symbolic approach to nationalism by stating that nations and nationals are necessary in the world, and that because people generally have a tie to their nation and feel that their nation fulfills the important political and social needs, it would be near impossible to separate them from their national allegiances. Besides his assertion that nationalism existed before the pre-modern period, Smith distinguishes three major flaws within the modernist theory of nationalism. First, is that such theories are broad and abstract, lacking the ability to relate to specific cases or areas. Next, Smith finds flaw in the theme of materialism that modern nationalism often creates. Smith believes that nationalism can begin in â€Å"all kinds of socioeconomic milieux† and that this materialism is often â€Å"misleading. † However the most dominant flaw in the modernist’s theory is the complete denial of the role ethnic ties and cultural sentiments in nationalism. In an intellectually thrilling contrast, Ernest Gellner responds to Smith’s idea of a pre-modern nationalism by posing the question, â€Å"do nations have navels? † This question literally attempts to find the source of creation of a nation, or ‘do nations have a creator(s)? Gellner strongly establishes that nationalism gave birth to nations, and not vice versa. And nationalism itself does not have an intended creator, as it is a direct result of the economic and scientific changes that ensued with the modern period of the 18th century. Thus, Gellner’s main objective is delineated, that nationalism is a purely modern phenomena. Gellner then defends this concept against what Smith would see as irrefutable evidence written in history by defining the role of culture in history. Gellner separates history into three pockets of time, the pre-agrarian period, agrarian period, and the industrial period. In Gellner’s argument the role of culture in the agrarian society was to place people within an established and stable, hierarchical structure; yet, in contrast, the role of culture in modern society places strong emphasis on a â€Å"literate codified culture,† that Gellner refers to as the ‘high culture. ’ In short, the maintenance of this one’s membership within this educated high culture becomes the focus of culture, which in turn brings in the idea of a state. This responsibility of this maintenance of high culture falls upon an institutional state that can provide education, protection, and finances. Admittedly, it would be difficult for Gellner to make such a case and openly deny the significance or existence of a sense of nationalism before the modern period, but Gellner does just that, stating that not only are most nations ‘navel-less,’ but if they do have a navel, it is entirely irrelevant to the study of nationalism. Gellner is able to make the argument on the grounds that not only could nationalism not exist in the agrarian society, but the presence of ethnic ties in modern nationalism are merely an irrelevant navel to a recently born concept. As previously discussed, Gellner asserts that culture in the agrarian society was vastly different than culture in modern society. Culture in the agrarian society, according to Gellner, was either too small to actually be considered a culture, but rather an intimate community with no real ability (or need) to formulate a political movement, or that the society had too large of communities, like empires, that were made up of various cultures and mini-communities with no real connection to a national identity. The strength of Gellner’s theory lies within the idea that any remnant of heritage or ethnic ties found in modern nationalism are simply the ‘navel,’ of the cycles that began before the creation of the nation that were necessary to its creation, but irrelevant to the study of nationalism. If Gellner had provided substantial evidence, he could have disproven Smith’s case with this one simple concept. Like Anthony Smith’s case, Gellner builds his ideology strongly off of his own definitions of a nation, state, and nationalism. Yet, he does not clearly outline his definitions within the argument, which leads to gaps in his hypothesis (the definition of a state is vaguely outlined, and the primary gap falls within the lack of a definition for a nation). It is my personal opinion that definitions within a debate process are crucial and represent the foundation of one’s concept, thus, because Gellner chose not to properly define his idea of nationalism, nation, and state, his logic is now put into the terms that Smith outlined. This is the first weakness within Gellner’s response. Fortunately, we can refer to Gellner’s second book on nationalism for such definitions of a state, which can be represented by the institution of power that delineates the division of labor and the enforcement of labor, and of a nation, which can be seen as the recognition of two men based on culture within the same nation as well as the recognition of certain rights and duties within this shared community. The next weakness with Gellner’s rebuttal is his focus on the connection of modernism and nationalism. Gellner relies heavily on the impact of his ‘navel’ argument, as it is his main defense against primordialism. Yet, this defense does not answer to the limitations that Smith pointed out in the modernist approach to nationalism. This leads to Gellner’s biggest flaw, and ultimately to his ideas becoming inferior to that of Smith’s within the debate: that Gellner’s concept is too general. The language within Gellner’s argument seems to focus on terms like â€Å"sometimes,† and â€Å"in general,† or â€Å"generalize. † This is problematic because before Gellner even began his rebuttal, Smith accused is theory of being too general and all-inclusive without sufficient proof. In fact Gellner’s only real evidence of modernization giving birth to nationalism is the example of the Estonians creating for themselves a culture out of nothing, he then sums up his evidence with the broad statement, â€Å" it was created by the kind of modernist process which I then generalize for nationalism and nations in general. † This leads to the crowning of the superior argument within the debate: Anthony D. Smith and his ethno-symbolic approach on nationalism. I find Smith’s definitions to be more plausible. These definitions open up the possibility that rather than nationalism being a recent phenomena, it was simply a transformation of nationalism that is being reflected by a change in culture and necessity. This ‘need’ in the pre-modern society was for a nation (because as Gellner pushes, the idea of a state did not yet exist). A nation being a social and cultural, territorial community of shared history and culture with common rights, duties, and a single economy, is the fulfillment that nationalism, the ideological movement for achievement and maintenance of autonomy and identity within a human population. And in the modern society, a state is the fulfillment of the need that is presented by modern nationalism. Thus, nationalism is a continuous throughout history, and modern nationalism can be seen merely as a growth of its original form due to the changes that modern society brought. Another evidence of Smith’s ideological superiority within the debate is Gellner’s lack of evidence to support his main idea. Gellner does not provide enough support to uphold the notion that ethnic ties are simply a ‘navel’ to the modernly born nation. Moreover, Gellner does not properly or thoroughly disprove the existence of pre-modern nationalism. Finally, it is in Smith’s style that he is successful in alluding direct scrutiny because he does not make his claim a definite theory as Gellner does. With a definite and narrow theory, like Gellner presents, it can be easy to bring forth evidence that refutes the theory, and Smith avoids this flaw by including an approach that can explain pre-modern and modern occurrences of nationalism. So it is with Smith that I award the victor of this debate because I find his case solid and I agree with his ideology that while nation-states may be modern, their origins â€Å"can be traced to earlier ethnie. † Benedict Anderson would more than likely strongly disagree with my conclusion. I feel that Anderson would have strongly agreed with Gellner’s concept of the ethnic ties being simply the navel to a modern phenomenon. Anderson would have seen the references to the cultural roots as supplementations to an ‘imagined community’ built by nationalist’s thought. While I would like to say the Brubaker’s heavy critical approach to the study of nationalism would have thrown him either against both Smith or Gellner, or even closer to Gellner in their similar â€Å"anti-myth’ approaches, I am going to say that Brubaker would have agreed with Smith in this particular debate. Brubaker stressed that nationalism was not always state-seeking, saying that he does not â€Å"think nationalism can be well understood as nation-based, state-seeking activity. Brubaker continues that by adding that to focus only on the state seeking nationalism is to â€Å"ignore the infinitely protean nature of nationalist politics. † The final scholar of nationalism that I would like to mention is that of E. J. Hobsbawm. Obviously, Hobsbawm would have supported the theory of Gellner, believing that the term ‘nation’ belonged a â€Å"historically recent period† that related directly to a modern territorial state and having actually derived his definition of nationalism directly from Gellner’s theory. However, I do feel that Hobsbawm would not have placed so little of significance upon the historical influences of heritage and culture. Hobsbawm acknowledged the substantial role that cultural community represented, he just thought it was a modern tool brought about by nationalists as a â€Å"historic mission. † In essence, Hobsbawm believed that nationalism picks and chooses what it needs to survive, and the politicizing of culture was one of those survival tools; consequently, I feel that Hobsbawm would have supported Gellner’s reason.

The Ecology Of A Rain Forest Essays - Biology, Ecology, Symbiosis

The Ecology of a Rain Forest In 1980, the estimated amount of rain forests in the world was 40,000 square miles. This number decreases each year by roughly 1,000 square miles due to construction and the resources being used for profit. It is too bad, because the rain forest is one of the most beautiful places on earth. It is the most diverse, containing the most species of living things, much more than anywhere else, and most have yet to be identified. All rain forests are located on earth's "green belt", that is, the area roughly around the equator that covers all the area from Mexico and the northern area of South America, to Africa, to India, stretching out to Indonesia, the northern tip of Australia and all the way to New Guinea. This area is heavily covered with flora and fauna, and it abounds with life. In a rain forest, it is very wet and it rains everyday or every other day very heavily. There is a high and steady level of heat and moisture. There are some general layers to the rain forest. It starts 135 feet up in the air, with the lofty crowns of the tallest trees in the jungle. They take the most light, heat, rain and the most punishment from the winds. Woodpeckers hunt insects in this layer, and also the black and white Colobus monkey can be found here, ready to launch into the air, using his specially developed tail as a rudder to guide his flight. Beneath this is the second layer of trees, whose crowns form a forest canopy. Rain filters through this canopy, and the top sides of the crowns hold a large amount of ferns and other small plants whose roots never touch soil. They live off the water and nutrients held in the small pockets of the leaves and branches. Tree frogs and chimpanzees live here, burrowing holes to live in the vast vegetation. The third layer is called the "understory". This grows beneath the canopy. The gorilla makes this his regular hangout, also pythons lie here waiting for prey. The dim forest floor teems with life. Termites and ants feed on all the decomposing matter on the ground, and elephants make their way down a path of moss. Butterflies move silently by, and the air is still and very humid. These are the layers that make up the rain forest's complex ecology. In the rest of the essay I will describe some of the life forms found in the rain forest, and ways they affect the environment. In the rain forest, plants develop poisonous alkaloids to protect against insects, and insects develop complex digestive chemistry to overcome these poisons. Some of these plant alkaloids give native Indians great poisons for darts, and to cancer researchers hope for a new medicine. The rain forest root systems are so efficient that almost all of the nutrients in decaying plants are recycled into new ones. Most roots are found within three inches of the surface in heavy clay or at the surface in sandy soils. Tiny rootlets grow up and attach themselves to leaves. When the leaf decays, minuscule fungi on the rootlets take over and send threadlike projections into the leaf which absorbs all of the leaf's nutrient material. The phosphorous that the fungi produces is taken by the root, and in turn gives the fungus sugars from the tree. Al! so, termites and ants break down the forest litter. ALAM In a small lake in the middle of the rain forest, a small lizard skims across the water away from dangerous prey and attacks its own victim by surprise, yet another marvel of the tropical rain forest. Mutualism occurs in the jungle with a specialized ant and a swollen-thorn acacia. The acacia provides budlike leaflet tips which are called Beltian bodies, which the ants give to their young for food. The insects hollow out the tree's thorns when soft and green and raise their young inside. The acacia doesn't have chemical defenses to repel dangerous and damaging insects and demands pure sunlight for proper growth. The ants patrol the tree day and night. If any insect lands on the tree,

Free Essays on And Then There Were None

And Then There Were None / Identity Murder mysteries are a type of literature/film which always contain a storyline which keeps the reader/viewer on the edge of their seat. Suspense, action, horror, and drama are all elements which add to the perfect murder mystery. These types of stories, when done right, take your mind on a thrill ride that doesn’t let up until the end in a dramatic plot twist that leaves the reader/viewer baffled and intrigued. This is the case in the story And Then There Were None by Agatha Christie and the film Identity, written by Michael Cooney. â€Å"Identity is just what you want a horror-thriller to be: energetic, lurid, tense and, above all, unpredictable." Marshall Fine, JOURNAL NEWS (WESTCHESTER, NY). Amazon.com claims And Then There Were None to be â€Å"considered the best mystery novel ever written†. AudioFile.com described it as being â€Å"..Agatha Christie at her best with her classic drawing room murder mystery with extra tension to boot†. Both these stories a re similar in that they keep you hooked to the point you can’t do anything but read on or keep viewing. Amazon.com claims Identity is â€Å"a tasty blend of And Then There Were None and Psycho, with a dash of Sybil for extra spice and psychosis†. They also coined it as â€Å"a thriller with a twist, its one of the most original to come around in a long time†. Both these stories deal with a â€Å"who did it† type of plot where the killer isn’t revealed until the very end, to the reader/viwers dismay. These stories are best for those who enjoy being intrigued by what happened, what could happen and what shouldn’t happen. The more you read or view on, the more you come to find whether your predictions were precise or whether they were off. Identity is a dark, disturbing film about 10 strangers that wind up having to spend the night at a hotel once a storm causes a flash flood to block the roads out. It is set in the middle of the desert, a... Free Essays on And Then There Were None Free Essays on And Then There Were None / Identity And Then There Were None / Identity Murder mysteries are a type of literature/film which always contain a storyline which keeps the reader/viewer on the edge of their seat. Suspense, action, horror, and drama are all elements which add to the perfect murder mystery. These types of stories, when done right, take your mind on a thrill ride that doesn’t let up until the end in a dramatic plot twist that leaves the reader/viewer baffled and intrigued. This is the case in the story And Then There Were None by Agatha Christie and the film Identity, written by Michael Cooney. â€Å"Identity is just what you want a horror-thriller to be: energetic, lurid, tense and, above all, unpredictable." Marshall Fine, JOURNAL NEWS (WESTCHESTER, NY). Amazon.com claims And Then There Were None to be â€Å"considered the best mystery novel ever written†. AudioFile.com described it as being â€Å"..Agatha Christie at her best with her classic drawing room murder mystery with extra tension to boot†. Both these stories a re similar in that they keep you hooked to the point you can’t do anything but read on or keep viewing. Amazon.com claims Identity is â€Å"a tasty blend of And Then There Were None and Psycho, with a dash of Sybil for extra spice and psychosis†. They also coined it as â€Å"a thriller with a twist, its one of the most original to come around in a long time†. Both these stories deal with a â€Å"who did it† type of plot where the killer isn’t revealed until the very end, to the reader/viwers dismay. These stories are best for those who enjoy being intrigued by what happened, what could happen and what shouldn’t happen. The more you read or view on, the more you come to find whether your predictions were precise or whether they were off. Identity is a dark, disturbing film about 10 strangers that wind up having to spend the night at a hotel once a storm causes a flash flood to block the roads out. It is set in the middle of the desert, a... Free Essays on And Then There Were None / Identity And Then There Were None / Identity Murder mysteries are a type of literature/film which always contain a storyline which keeps the reader/viewer on the edge of their seat. Suspense, action, horror, and drama are all elements which add to the perfect murder mystery. These types of stories, when done right, take your mind on a thrill ride that doesn’t let up until the end in a dramatic plot twist that leaves the reader/viewer baffled and intrigued. This is the case in the story And Then There Were None by Agatha Christie and the film Identity, written by Michael Cooney. â€Å"Identity is just what you want a horror-thriller to be: energetic, lurid, tense and, above all, unpredictable." Marshall Fine, JOURNAL NEWS (WESTCHESTER, NY). Amazon.com claims And Then There Were None to be â€Å"considered the best mystery novel ever written†. AudioFile.com described it as being â€Å"..Agatha Christie at her best with her classic drawing room murder mystery with extra tension to boot†. Both these stories a re similar in that they keep you hooked to the point you can’t do anything but read on or keep viewing. Amazon.com claims Identity is â€Å"a tasty blend of And Then There Were None and Psycho, with a dash of Sybil for extra spice and psychosis†. They also coined it as â€Å"a thriller with a twist, its one of the most original to come around in a long time†. Both these stories deal with a â€Å"who did it† type of plot where the killer isn’t revealed until the very end, to the reader/viwers dismay. These stories are best for those who enjoy being intrigued by what happened, what could happen and what shouldn’t happen. The more you read or view on, the more you come to find whether your predictions were precise or whether they were off. Identity is a dark, disturbing film about 10 strangers that wind up having to spend the night at a hotel once a storm causes a flash flood to block the roads out. It is set in the middle of the desert, a...

Free Essays on Allan Stratton

Allan Stratton was born in Stratford, Ontario in 1951. As a teenager he lived in London, Ontario attending James Reaney’s school for writing. His first play, The Rusting Heart, was then published by James Reaney in a local magazine. After he travelled to Switzerland to study writing he was enrolled at the University of Toronto where he continued writing but became more interested in acting. In 1974 Allan graduated from The Graduate Centre for the Study of Drama, U. of T. receiving his M.A. After this, he appeared in various regional plays which brought him back to his hometown Stratford where he preformed in the Stratford Festival He continued acting and writing on his spare time until 1977 where his first professional stage play, 72 Under the O, was produced at The Vancouver Playhouse. He then, once again switched his career motives and went back to writing full time. In 1080, he wrote a successful play, Nurse Jane Goes to Hawaii that has had over 300 productions throughout Canada and the United States. Many other plays soon followed including his famous play about Canadian Prime Ministers called Rexy! This play was brought out in 1981 and played across the country. It won him the Chalmers Award, the Canadian Authors’ Association Award and the Dora Mavor Moore Award, all for Best New Play. In the 1990’s, Allan became head of the Drama Department at The Etobicoke School of the Arts, where he taught senior directing, acting and playwriting. He led many students to win various awards including three consecutive Best New Play Awards at the Sears Drama Festival provincial championships. Now Allan has once again switched his career back to writing. He just published his newest novel The Resurrection of Mary Mabel McTavish, and has begun work on his new young adult novel, Behind the Curtain to be published in Canada and the United States by Annick Press, 2004. Rexy! Is a play Personally, I did not... Free Essays on Allan Stratton Free Essays on Allan Stratton Allan Stratton was born in Stratford, Ontario in 1951. As a teenager he lived in London, Ontario attending James Reaney’s school for writing. His first play, The Rusting Heart, was then published by James Reaney in a local magazine. After he travelled to Switzerland to study writing he was enrolled at the University of Toronto where he continued writing but became more interested in acting. In 1974 Allan graduated from The Graduate Centre for the Study of Drama, U. of T. receiving his M.A. After this, he appeared in various regional plays which brought him back to his hometown Stratford where he preformed in the Stratford Festival He continued acting and writing on his spare time until 1977 where his first professional stage play, 72 Under the O, was produced at The Vancouver Playhouse. He then, once again switched his career motives and went back to writing full time. In 1080, he wrote a successful play, Nurse Jane Goes to Hawaii that has had over 300 productions throughout Canada and the United States. Many other plays soon followed including his famous play about Canadian Prime Ministers called Rexy! This play was brought out in 1981 and played across the country. It won him the Chalmers Award, the Canadian Authors’ Association Award and the Dora Mavor Moore Award, all for Best New Play. In the 1990’s, Allan became head of the Drama Department at The Etobicoke School of the Arts, where he taught senior directing, acting and playwriting. He led many students to win various awards including three consecutive Best New Play Awards at the Sears Drama Festival provincial championships. Now Allan has once again switched his career back to writing. He just published his newest novel The Resurrection of Mary Mabel McTavish, and has begun work on his new young adult novel, Behind the Curtain to be published in Canada and the United States by Annick Press, 2004. Rexy! Is a play Personally, I did not...

What Impact Does Technology Laws Have On Business In America Essay

What Impact Does Technology Laws Have On Business In America - Essay Example (Techtheory, 2012). The frontier of technology has been clouded by businesses since forever. Anything that can speed up production, make it more efficient and bring home more profits will fish in increased business. Technology brought with it a change in the system, for example online air-ticket bookings, ATMs and so forth (Winston 2011). The opulent past eras together with the nowadays growing anxiety of technical transformation would suggest that there is a detailed scholarly reflection on the relationship between decree and technical know-how. Though, such is not inevitably the situation. Most academic researches on law and technical expertise can be responsive to anxieties engulfing a certain machine or technically arbitrated goings-on. This conventional grant resides in a rationally constricted border of location related with safeguarding a required upcoming finished law as a tool of communal procedure the scholar-lawyer’s task is primitively expressive and graphic in thi s case; it comprises the documentation of the ‘concerns’, ‘ambiguities’ as well as the ‘holes’ which need to be taken care of by decree-makers and lawmakers. This conference targets to contest this conventional strategy. (Techtheory, 2012). ... ysver 2010) Technology plays a major role in changing the interaction of lawyers with the clients along with changing the ways through which advertisement is done. It is a primordial form of regulations that guards innovative designs, imaginative practices of communication, findings, creations and secrets of trade. Law of this framework is upheld on the notion which is there to encourage creativity, and thus people accountable for unearthing and advances in sciences deserve to be compensated for their efforts put in for start-ups and break-through. Trifling ventures, too, have now come to be much easily started up with the help via the Internet. Even stay-at-home housewives who believe that they are able to make exceptional bakery items can now find it easier to market them over the World Wide Web and transport them to their customer base. Of course it is not as easily done as said. Any transaction steered online has to consider the issue of copyright, privacy and security. The compe nsations are some degree of dominations rendered by patent and copyright laws. A person is shamefaced of infringement of copyright if any one out of the five exclusively selected privileges provided to copyright proprietors is violated, under the Copyright Act. Copyright concerns; domain name concerns; trademark concerns; defamation; and linking and framing. In those privileges are included the right to prevention of reproduction of product (or work) by others, public display of a product, or distribution of a product (Tsyver, Patent law in the United States 2010). Nowadays, courts all over the globe are pressing hard to bring about the creation of Internet Laws- a process that is anticipated as well as dreaded at the same time. These laws are considered necessary because there are no past

Valuation of Securities and Cost of Capital Assignment

Valuation of Securities and Cost of Capital - Assignment Example These book values are unreliable because they might be significantly different from the current value of these assets. The values of assets and liabilities are based on past transactions that demonstrate no account of the future prospects. A company's assets can be evaluated on the basis of their market values. Market value of shares can be determined when they are traded on a recognised stock exchange. The share values estimated from the current market price are actual values, however this procedure becomes difficult when the company is unquoted. The market value of shares, which is also known as market capitalisation, is obtained by multiplying a company's total shares in issue with the current market price per share. The current market price of Tesco plc is 384.50p per share and Sainsbury plc is 395.00p per share. Hence, the market capitalisation of Tesco and Sainsbury is 3,007m and 663m respectively (see appendix I). P/E ratio is obtained when current market price per share is divided by earning per share. When the same ratio is inversed and earning per share is dividend by market price per share we get Earnings Yield. ... Earning per share is based on accounting profits and is derived form company's financial statements. Tesco plc and Sainsbury plc's EPS is 20.07p and 3.8p respectively. The P/E ratio for Tesco plc is 19.15 and Sainsbury plc is 103.94 (see appendix II), whereas the Earnings Yield of both these companies is 0.052 and 0.009 respectively (see appendix III). Although Sainsbury plc's P/E ratio 103.94 is much higher than that of the Tesco plc i.e., 19.15, yet the earnings yield of Sainsbury plc is much lower than the Tesco plc. The reason is that Sainsbury's EPS is considerably lower than the Tesco. Sainsbury plc is not more valuable than Tesco plc but shareholders perceive Sainsbury to be more valuable than Tesco, as reflected by the market prices of both the company's shares. Bonus shares are provided to shareholders without any cost as a form of dividend in lieu of cash dividends. The issue of bonus shares to the shareholders does not cause shareholders' ownership to diminish, but it leads to the reduction of EPS and increase in P/E ratio. Tesco plc's EPS before dilutive share options was 20.07p per share and after dilution it decreased to 19.79p per share (annual report 2006, p60). Sainsbury plc's basic and diluted earnings are the same i.e., 3.8p per share because the company has closed all the share-options and share-plans (annual report 2006, p42). In the case of Right issues, companies issue shares at a price less than the one prevailing in the market also known as deep discounting. Such issues involve terms such as 1 for 4 etc. Right issues are used to raise long-term finances for a company for its investment decisions. This sort of share issuance also does not lead to a diminution in shareholder ownership, unless rights options are not

The Great Leap Forward Essay Example for Free

The Great Leap Forward Essay The Hundred flowers campaign was followed by a new militant approach to Chinese economics. Shaoqi believed that the PLA and the military complex should be strengthened for several reasons; firstly the rejection of Mao foreign policy (Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence) in order to prepare for the invasion of Tibet and other island provinces free from mainland influence since the days of the KMT republic. Secondly the war in Korea had created a siege-mentality in China (similar to USSR in the 1930s), China would be ready for invasion. Xiaoping believed that the people could be motivated and ideologically aroused. Mao supported this initial plan believing that this Second Five Year Plan could work better than the first. However he was wary of Shaoqis motives and did not wish to see the people merely exploited and made to work towards unrealistic targets. He initiated the xiafang movement, which took the Leap down to the countryside level. The xiafang movement would have several stages. Primarily it would concentrate on heavy industry and mobilisation of the urban regions. Beijing would begin this with a march to work programme. Next, the increasing of the indoctrinisatation of technology experts and the scientific community. Finally the xiafang movement would move to the rural areas with party cadres and members moving to the people and helping them in agricultural policies. It is at this point that the debate arises critics have suggested that Mao supported the scheme because he was unhappy with the USSRs de-Stalinisation of itself. He was undoubtedly concerned about his countrys over-reliance on Soviet help. The split over the direction occurred in late 1958, by then nearly 750,000 new collectivised farms had been created and agricultural output was at Chinas highest ever, Mao wanted to create forums to discuss problems with the Leap, he also wanted greater self-sufficiency amongst the communes. Shaoqi resisted this idea believing that centralisation was the only means of ensuring success. He introduced the radical mass dormitories with over 5000 people to each one. This new housing was resisted bitterly and Mao argued that it was essential the CCP listened to the people. Zhou Enlai also voiced concerns over plans to release worker from these collectives for overly grand projects such as hydro-plants and irrigation works. Mao quickly seized upon growing disenchantment and distanced himself from the ruling committee. 1959 was a disastrous year for the Chinese economy, in February of that year; Shaoqi admitted that the CCP had exaggerated figures for success. Famine ravaged Maos home province of Hunan and Zhus Jiangxi. Food shortages affected Beijing; raw materials were in short supply for the industrial complex. Xiaoping worsened the situation by creating the Department of Economic Growth ((based upon the Soviet Gosplan model) which centralised directives and set even higher targets. The direct result was the over-production of poor quality goods, a virtual collapse of heavy industry through mismanagement, a malaise and a demoralisation and exhaustion of the peasant population. The intellectual wing of the CCP demanded the plan was scrapped, which led to a vicious purging of the intelligentsia. Mao who personally bore the brunt of blame for the Leap fiasco stepped down from office in April. The following year saw a massive shift in the balance of power; the Second National Congress gave Lui Shaoqi complete control of the CCP and all Maos positions. Defence minister Peng Dehuai openly attacked Maoist policies and firmly placed the blame on Mao. However, Lin Baio a noted Maoist successfully ousted Dehuai out of office and accepted the post of Defence minister. He offers Zhu De the post of C-in-C of the army, who declines. Lin Baio resigns in 1961 after Chinas successful total annexation of Tibet. He is alarmed at the threat to invade Taiwan and the attacks on Jinmen and Mazu. By 1961, the swing to the right was almost complete with Shaoqi in the ascendancy and his fraction most of the positions of power. However with the battle for supremacy gaining momentum by 1962 with Maos spectacular return to power, the political landscape of China would never be the same and the CCP by 1970 would be decimated from top to bottom.

An Inspector Calls :: English Literature

An Inspector Calls Essay There are many aspects that Priestley uses to make ‘An Inspector Calls’ successful on stage i.e. the use of dramatic irony, time zones, twists, cliff hangers and the 7 deadly sins. He also represents the inspector as omniscient and enigmatic and his surname is a homophone which is used symbolically. E.g. Goole to Ghoul. This makes him seem like ghostly spirit. J.B Priestley wrote this play as a message/moral to show the world that everyone is equal through terms of money and power. He saw more clearly the effects of both wars that some higher/upper class had no problems with rebuilding businesses, housing and even their lives as they had the money to do so. An element used to make ’An Inspector Calls’ successful on stage would be the ‘whodunnit’ genre. This differs from a detective genre as in a detective story there s a suspect that committed the crime but in ‘An Inspector Calls’ all of the characters in the same way helped to make Eva Smith/Daisy Renton commit suicide. Each member of the family had something to do with her whether it was physical contact or not; here is how each member was involved with her suicidal attack. Gerald and Eric both had sexual intercourse with Eva and Eric had left her pregnant, Sheila and Birling had no physical contact but both got her sacked from her job as a factory worker and working in a shop where Shelia shopped regularly, and last of all Mrs Birling pushed Eva to the limits when she would offer no help to Eva and her unborn foetus when she asked for help at the charity. Mrs Birling was the person who pushed Eva to the limit of committing suicide. The use of dramatic irony in ‘An Inspector Calls’ is used by most characters especially Mrs Birling who says to the inspector â€Å"I accept no blame for it at all†¦. Take some steps to find this young man and then make sure that he’s compelled to confess in public his responsibility†. The irony comes into this as she does not know that the father of the baby is Eric’s! Priestley presents all of the characters symbolising as the seven deadly sins. He presents the inspector as a mysterious, omniscient and enigmatic character : his name ‘Goole’, is a homophone for ‘Ghoul’ which we know is linked to the meaning ‘Ghost’; this makes you feel as if he is a kind of ghostly spirit; knowing some things before they happen. Priestley made Birling have mistaken predictions such as when Birling quoted, â€Å"‘the Titanic-she sails next week-absolutely unsinkable†, which makes the audience laugh with sarcasm as we all know that the

Characters of Romeo and Juliet Essay

In The Prologue of Romeo And Juliet, the fate of the â€Å"star-crossed lovers†, the title characters, is already told. They have been doomed to â€Å"take their [lives]† before the play has even begun. This foretelling of what the audience is about to see displays that the play is about how and why the events unfold, and not what happens. Act Two, Scene Two is an important scene in the play, which is because this is where Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet, the two children born of the â€Å"fatal loins† of their feuding parents, meet for the second time, after Capulet’s Masquerade. They fall in love, starting the chain of fated events that cause their deaths. Before meeting Juliet, Romeo was seen to be melancholic; he was supposedly in love with Rosaline, which was unrequited. He seemed to be introspective, and have a very negative outlook; in Act One, Scene One his father, Montague, said that Romeo had been shutting himself â€Å"[a]way from light† in his room. Romeo appeared to have a very poetic, yet bleak, attitude to love. This is demonstrated by Romeo’s use of extended oxymoron in Act One, Scene One, where he talked of â€Å"loving hate†, and â€Å"misshapen chaos of well-seeming forms†. His poetic words seemed to indicate that perhaps Romeo was not in love, rather in love with the idea of being in love. He spoke of Rosaline, the object of his love, as though she was a deity, even stating she has characteristics of the goddess Diana (â€Å"she has Dian’s wit†). The goddess Diana was an emblem of chastity, and the object of Romeo’s affections has taken a vow of chastity. Ironically, Romeo refuses to â€Å"examine other beauties†, as his friend and kinsman Benvolio suggests at the end of Act One, Scene One. In Act One, Scene Five, when Romeo firsts saw, spoke to, and kissed Juliet, he still used decorative language, and said similar to what he had previously said about Rosaline. He said that Juliet â€Å"doth teach the torches to burn bright†, a metaphor, after first seeing her in Act one, Scene Five, after calling Rosaline the â€Å"all-seeing sun† in Act One, Scene Three. This seems to indicate that Romeo is too quick to announce his love, saying of Juliet what he had said not long ago about Rosaline. He did, however, denounce his previous love and say that his love of Rosaline was not comparable to his love for Juliet in Act One, Scene Five, with the rhetorical question â€Å"[d]id my hear love till now? â€Å". In Act One, Scene Three Juliet is seen to be polite and respectful young girl. Her mother, Lady Capulet, who is less close to Juliet than her Nurse, tried to persuade Juliet to marry a suitor that has been chosen for her. Marriage was an â€Å"honour that [Juliet] dream[ed] not of†, being only thirteen years of age. Lady Capulet, in Act One, Scene Three, told her daughter that â€Å"[t]he valiant Paris seeks [Juliet] for his love†. Juliet seemed in no rush to fall in love and marry at such a young age, she stated she would â€Å"look to like†, but â€Å"no more deep [†¦ ] endart [her] eye†. She appeared grounded, with no unrealistic expectations about love, and in no hurry to find a husband, despite her mother’s insistence that girls younger than Juliet â€Å"[are] made already mothers†. When Juliet met Romeo for the first time in Act One, Scene Five, although she echoed Romeo’s poetic and metaphor rich language, she appeared more playful and flirtatious, telling Romeo he â€Å"kiss[es] by th’book†. In Act Two, Scene Two, Romeo speaks of his love for Juliet and watches her after she appears at the window. He compares her beauty to that of the sun: † [it] is the east and Juliet is the sun/Arise, fair sun,† when she appears at her window. Shakespeare uses this language to depict that Romeo has elevated Juliet to the stature of a goddess. This is reinstated, with Juliet’s beauty repeatedly being compared to (and bettering) the brightness of celestial objects; Romeo says that the â€Å"brightness of her cheek would shame [the] stars†. Shakespeare used more positive metaphor, repetition, and a less structured and poetic approach to Romeo’s speech to show that Romeo’s newly found love of Juliet has effected a change in his language. Romeo is presented as more happy to love, and simply be in the presence of Juliet: he is eager for her to â€Å"speak again†, rather than strike up a conversation instantly. When Romeo begins speaking to Juliet, after hearing her speak of her love and asking why she must love a member of the family she hates, asking â€Å"wherefore [is he] Romeo? â€Å", Shakespeare wants us to understand Romeo’s devotion to Juliet. Romeo offers to forsake his name, saying that â€Å"[h]enceforth [he] never will be Romeo† demonstrating his willingness to make sacrifices for the love of Juliet. During this scene Shakespeare repeatedly uses names, or words referring to names (for example, â€Å"name†, or â€Å"called†) to show the conflict between language, the words and names, and experience, reality; Juliet states that â€Å"a rose/By any other word would spell as sweet†. Romeo is eager to â€Å"exchange [Juliet’s] love’s faithful vow for [his]†, which shows not only Romeo’s eagerness to prove his unchangeable love to Juliet, but his need to be loved in return. He tries to swear his love many things, including â€Å"yonder blessed moon†, Juliet takes vowing love much more seriously, and asks Romeo not to swear by the â€Å"inconstant moon† as it is too changing to vow such an important thing on. This presents Juliet as a mature girl, who tries to consider the consequences of actions and promises, whereas Romeo is completely absorbed in the idea of love. Juliet is concerned that her and Romeo’s love is moving too fast, saying that it is â€Å"too like the lightening†. Shakespeare uses this again showing Juliet’s rationality, but also showing that she is young, love is new to her and she is in no rush. Romeo does not appear to share these concerns; he is more concerned with loving and being loved, only satisfied by Juliet’s â€Å"faithful vow†. She is however in love with Romeo, and is not happy to see him go, â€Å"[p]arting is such sweet sorrow†, but is eager to see him again. Towards the end of the scene Juliet’s language becomes more like Romeo’s in eagerness to vow love, and in use of simile, comparing Romeo to a â€Å"wanton’s bird†, tethered by her love. Romeo’s rashness, loyalty, and need to love Juliet and be loved in return are important characteristics that will end up sealing his grim fate at the end of the play. Juliet’s young age, and contrasting maturity, grounding in reality and strong will in her love will be ever important, and her need to see a plan through will be important factors that help lead her towards her tragic ending. â€Å"For never was there a story of more woe/Than this of Juliet and her Romeo. â€Å"

A Letter from Ponyboy

Greetings to you! How are you, older brother?   It’s been quite a while since I sent you a letter. My mistake. Sorry for that. I’ve been busy for the last few weeks here insane Diego. My study is eating up most of my time. Right now, we are approaching already the finals week.A lot of requirements are already on my list. But don’t you worry brother, I am okay. I manage to keep healthy and strong despite the conflicts of time in my part-time job and schooling. And speaking of work, I have some good news for you. The manager of the food chain I am working at was impressed by my dedication to my job. In fact, I was chosen to be the crew of the month.Because of that, I got an additional compensation in my salary. Not too big, but large enough to spend for my thesis. It was a big help since I badly needed to finish my thesis as the final submission of it is nearing. Of course, I have to graduate this semester. That was my promise to you, right? Don’t worry, D arry. All of your spending for my schooling will finally come to an end. A month from now, I will be called â€Å"Lawyer Ponyboy Curtis†. However, I will not be able to reach this status if not because of you.Thank you so much, Darry. I really appreciate all the things you have done and sacrificed for me. I know that you don’t want to marry your fiancà ©e Lindsay until I haven’t finished my studies. But I told you for several times that you don’t need to do that. You don’t have to sacrifice your own happiness just for my sake. I can manage myself now. I am a man now.Being thirty years old is no longer young. But what did you do? You still insisted to pay half of my tuition. I told you to keep them for yourself and for your future. You, too, are no longer young. You must build a family of your own, just like what Sodapop did. You’re such a stubborn. No wonder why they called you Superman back then. You’re such a strong-willed person. But no matter how strong-willed you are, you must promise me that after my graduation, you will take care of your personal life.By the way, how’s work after being promoted as chief lieutenant of the Oklahoma Police Department? Doing well? How’s peace and security there? You know what, I’m very happy with your current situation, actually, with the situations of us three—you, Sodapop, and I. After the long battle between the Socs and the greasers, I was glad that you decided to study and be a cop.I haven’t told you this, but I want you to know now that you are my greatest idol. When I saw how you managed to study while working, I admire you. Aside from that, you managed to raise me and Sodapop well after that horrible loss of our parents. Thank you for that.What’s up with Sodapop, by the way? Have the two of you seen each other lately? I had the chance to meet him personally last month after he visited his in-laws here in California. I also ha d the chance to meet the kids. Oh, Paul was so cute.He’s so like Sodapop—charming and good-looking. I bet when he grows up, he will be a Sodapop the Second. And have you heard about the good news? Sandy is three- month old pregnant! Boy, you should see the happiness in their eyes—a picture of a complete and a happy family. Aside from that, Sodapop is planning to put up a branch of their bookstore here in San Diego. Looks like he and Sandy are meant for business.I really wanted to be with you now, Darry. How I miss my adolescent days. Right after my graduation, I will spend some time with you. You take care of yourself. Until next time.Your younger brother,Ponyboys

Immigrants Will Separate from Families For Less Time

Immigrants Will Separate from Families For Less Time One of the first actions of the Obama administration in 2012 was an important rule change to immigration policy that reduced the time that spouses and children of undocumented immigrants were separated from their citizen relatives while applying for legal status. Latino and Hispanic groups, immigration lawyers and immigrant advocates praised the move. Conservatives on Capitol Hill criticized the rule change. Because the administration changed an administrative rule and not U.S. law, the move did not require the approval of Congress. Based on census data and anecdotal evidence, hundreds of thousands of U.S. citizens are married to undocumented immigrants, many of them Mexican and Latin American. What is the Rule Change? The hardship waiver eliminated the requirement that illegal immigrants leave the United States for long periods before they could ask the government to waive its ban on legally re-entering the U.S. The ban typically lasted three to 10 years depending on how long the undocumented immigrant had been in the United States without the government’s permission. The rule allowed family members of U.S. citizens to petition the government for the so-called hardship waiver before the undocumented immigrant returns home to formally apply for a U.S. visa. Once waivers were approved, immigrants could apply for green cards. The net effect of the change was that families would not endure long separations while immigration officials were reviewing their cases. Separations that had lasted years were reduced to weeks or less. Only immigrants without criminal records were eligible to apply for the waiver. Before the change, applications for hardship waivers would take as long as six months to process. Under former rules, the government had received about 23,000 hardship applications in 2011 from families that faced separations; about 70 percent were granted. Praise for the Rule Change At the time, Alejandro Mayorkas, U.S. Citizenship, and Immigration Services director, said the move underscores â€Å"the Obama Administration’s commitment to family unity and administrative efficiency† and will save taxpayers money. He said the change would increase the â€Å"predictability and consistency of the application process.† The American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA) applauded the change and said it â€Å"will give countless American families a chance to stay together safely and legally.† â€Å"Although this is just a small part of dealing with the dysfunction of our immigration system, it represents a significant change in the process for many individuals,† said Eleanor Pelta, the AILA president. â€Å"It’s a move that will be less destructive to families and bring about a fairer and more streamlined waiver process.† Before the rule change, Pelta said she knew of applicants who have been killed while waiting for approval in dangerous Mexican border cities that are riddled with violence. â€Å"The adjustment to the rule is important because it literally saves lives,† she said. The National Council of La Raza, one of the nation’s most prominent Latino civil rights groups, praised the change, calling it â€Å"sensible and compassionate.† Criticism of the Hardship Waiver At the same time, Republicans criticized the rule change as politically motivated and a further weakening of U.S. law. Rep. Lamar Smith, R-Texas, said the president had â€Å"granted back-door amnesty† to potentially millions of illegal immigrants. Political Motivation for Immigration Reform In 2008, Obama had won two-thirds of the Latino/Hispanic vote, one the country’s fastest-growing voting blocs. Obama had campaigned on implementing a comprehensive immigration reform plan during his first term. But he said problems with the worsening U.S. economy and stormy relations with Congress forced him to postpone plans for immigration reform. Latino and Hispanic groups had criticized the Obama administration for aggressively pursuing deportations during his first presidential term. In the 2011 general presidential election, a solid majority of Hispanic and Latino voters still favored Obama while expressing in independent polls a disapproval of his deportation policies. At the time, Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano had said the administration would use more discretion before deporting undocumented immigrants. The aim of their deportation plans was to concentrate on immigrants will criminal records rather than those who have violated only immigration laws.

Strategies for Teaching Writing to Elementary Students

Strategies for Teaching Writing to Elementary Students One of our most important tasks has is to introduce their young students to the written language and how to use it creatively and effectively in order to communicate. Whether you teach primary or upper elementary grades, your administrator is counting on you to teach your students to quantifiably improve in writing this school year. Here are a few effective teaching strategies to try out in your classroom implement a few or try them all. 1. Writing Instruction Doesnt Have To Be Intimidating   For You Or The Students Many educators find teaching writing a real challenge. Sure there are all the rules of grammar and punctuation, but outside of those boundaries, there are as many stories to be told as there are people in the world. How do we corral our students enthusiasm and creative minds so that their writing is coherent, engaging, and purposeful? 2. A Strong Beginning Is Crucial Then Move Onto The Basics Start by teaching your students how to write a strong beginning to their stories. With this skill in hand, your students will then be ready to learn about the importance of word choice and avoiding boring, flat, overused words. 3. More Advanced Descriptive Techniques Dont Have To Be Hard To Teach Even the youngest elementary school students will enjoy trying their hand at tongue twisters. And what do tongue twisters have to do with writing? Well, its an easy way to introduce the concept of alliteration. Achoo! Slam! Kaboom! Not only do children love sound effects, but they come to the classroom with a strong familiarity with this subject. Sound effects add power and imagery to writing, and not to mention its easy to teach students how to appropriately use this skill to kick their writing up a notch. 4. Writing Applications You Might Not Have Considered Obviously, writing enters into all aspects of human life, especially nowadays in the age of the Internet and email. Use a pen pal program to teach your students how to effectively communicate with their peers in letter format. Its an invaluable skill and a dying art. Or, try practice letter-writing and compile weekly parent newsletters all in one fell swoop! Thats another time-saver that practices writing skills at the same time. Another important aspect of language arts is oral communication and listening skills. Through this easy and fun impromptu speeches lesson, your students will write a speech, perform it out loud, and practice listening to each other. 5. A Well-Rounded Writing Curriculum Is Within Your Grasp These real life, classroom-tested  writing lessons  are proven, fun, and easy-to-implement. With practice and diligence, you will watch your students writing soar and improve daily. Edited by  Janelle Cox

TOYOTA Motor Corporation. SWOT Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

TOYOTA Motor Corporation. SWOT Analysis - Essay Example Strengths refer to the advantages that a firm has over the others in the market. They are the firm’s personal strengths that will help it to bank on, and will help it to get the mover advantage in the presence of the other firms. Most firms and business organizations apply strengths in the form of marketing strategies. In the modern world of globalization, marketing strategies can be made use of in a very innovative manner with the help of electronic means as well as smart advertising and publicity. Weaknesses are the frail aspects of every business; not every businessman knows how to run an organization flawlessly. Thus, they are the demerits that each firm possesses, which gives others in the market and advantage over the firm. Every business firm also has certain opportunities. This is the third aspect of SWOT analysis. Opportunities are the chances that exist in the external environment; every entrepreneur must try and make use of these opportunities. Most of the times the y arise out of the problems that different people have in society; solutions to overcoming such problems and helping people out, introduction of new technology, change in the habits of the people, are some of the types of opportunities that exist in the external environment. ... They must be overcome by the use of turning them into opportunities so that they can be of an advantage to the business firm. If the threat is not managed properly, it attacks the weak aspects of the firm and may lead to losses or a lower turnover. A SWOT analysis for a business firm should be made once the project or preliminary report has been made. The feasibility plan of the business further helps to look into and measure the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that the organization might have to face. At this stage, it is imperative to form such an analysis because it helps to give the directors and entrepreneurs of the firm an in depth look into the workings of the business and whether or not it will be able to succeed in the future. This can only be decided once the weaknesses and threats have been laid down because they need to be combated strategically, while causing minimum possible harm to the business. Weaknesses and threats need to be either reduced or mitig ated by the business. Yet another option to use these to the firm’s advantage is to convert them into opportunities. As discussed above, many problems can be converted to form opportunities – this can be done if the entrepreneur is dynamic and has excellent knowledge regarding the external business environment as well as the needs of the people and target consumers. Despite this, many management gurus have argued that simply by making use of and implementing a SWOT analysis, a firm cannot succeed. Many firms fail to deliver performance because of not being able to indulge in reporting about the different aspects of the firm with regard to the proper use of financial ratios (to depict the firm’s actual position with respect to its

Ethics in Criminal Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Ethics in Criminal Justice - Essay Example on the variety of ideas and the effectiveness of its execution depends on dedication and commitment on part of people involved to carry out the decision. â€Å"Ethical decision making will be reserved for use in a group decision making context. Specifically, we will address ethical decision making in business as providing the guiding requirements or goals for right conduct† (Addressing Ethics in Decision Making, 2009). It is the most realistic and accurate expression of the fundamental feeling behind the ethical point of view, that is, benevolence. This principle states that there is room in the structure for conventional ethical rules, but adds that these principles can gain power only from maximizing usefulness during the long term. There is probably no one in the modern period whose visions have influenced moral reflection above those of 18th-century theorist Immanuel Kant. Kant creates his "supreme principle" in numerous different methods, all of which he claims to be equal. Unlike other two ethical principles, virtue ethics does not offer ethics for judging an act right or wrong. It gives attention to building up the character of human beings so that an individual is bound to do the right thing. Character traits such as self-control, courage, justice generosity, gentleness etc are developed through this. Virtue ethics revolves around achievement and promotion of human excellence. Every moral virtue is a means that gives extreme happiness. Sometimes it generates a feeling of doing too much or too little. The absolute mean is diverse from the mean as it is relative to the human being. Ethical decision-making in the organizations helps to change the future for the better. â€Å"Addressing ethics in decision making in business or other large organizations or groups (e.g., government) does point to the need to ensure that key focusing decisions have been made and are in place. In particular, the business decision for core values should be in place to provide the

Criminology court case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Criminology court case - Essay Example He reported the case to the police as soon as realized unusual characters that area. However, about an hour later, the police was informed that a person had been killed in a neighboring refueling station. The same person who had informed the police that his life was in danger was found at the scene of crime and fell the first suspect. Different police officers arrived at the scene and considered him first suspect. The customs of criminal bench in Vancouver Supreme law court respects the crown and the safeguard the panel responsible for assessing the evidence given during the bench proceedings to settle the disputes more efficiently (Bergelson, 2009). The entire court proceedings are documented and involve a substantive discussion. The endeavors of the bar are to resolve the issues as soon as possible to evade piling up of legal cases. The crown mentioned the name of the suspect and started issuing statement regarding the alleged offense of the suspect. The opening of the trial was made by issuing a short description of the accusations. The accused names were mentioned and a statement issued regarding the crime which he had committed. The crown called upon all the witnesses who were police officers to issue their statements regarding what they witnessed about the suspect. They all provided the information they had regarding the suspect. They were asked to give evidence of what they saw or what made them conclude that the suspect indeed committed the alleged crime. Under criminal law, the suspect of an offense is called the accused. A criminal offence can be charged either as â€Å"summary conviction† or as â€Å"indictable offences† (Bergelson, 2009). In case a person is charged of summary the case will heard by a provincial court judge. This does the highest charge is $2,000, or a jail term of six months or both cash charges and six months in jail. Very demanding transgressions in

Utilitarianism Classical Utilitarianism Essay Example for Free

Utilitarianism Classical Utilitarianism Essay Classical Utilitarianism is a moral philosophy, which was developed in 19th century England by Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill and Henry Sidgwick. The essential feature a utilitarian reside in, is the notion that an action is right if it produces the most amount of happiness well limiting suffering. Utilitarianism focuses solely on the consequences of the action, in an attempt to bring about the most happiness from each situation, well ensuring everybody’s happiness is equally considered. A utilitarian decides each action, by calculating the overall utility (good) that will results against the overall disutility (bad) that will result from a particular action. The action with the highest total net utility will be chosen. Within Utilitarianism there is a division between the conceptions of what is perceived as good; Hedonist Utilitarianism and Preference Utilitarianism. Classical utilitarians believe in Hedonist, were pleasure or happiness is perceives as the only intrinsic good. In modern society most utilitarians believe that the concept of good refers to preferences, and that individual preference satisfaction should be maximized for example artistic creation. There is a further division between utilitarians; Act Utilitarianism and Rule Utilitarianism. Rule Utilitarianism, holds that one should always follow rules that tend to promote the general welfare of humans for example a rule might be not to killing people. Act Utilitarianism holds that one should always act to promote the general welfare. Utilitarianism is plausible firstly because general overall happiness is achieved for the greatest amount of people. Second, because of it simplicity it is easy to determine whether an action is moral or immoral. You simply have to calculate the total utility against the total disutility for each action, and chose the action that will result in the most happiness. Third, the majority of society uses Utilitarianism when they are confronted with daily decisions. For example in peak hour traffic the majority of drivers would let another driver change into their lane, because the other driver obviously needs to change lanes. The other driver is likely to gain more happiness from being let in than the potential unhappiness it will cause you by waiting a few extra second in traffic. Fourth, it is a simply way off living a moral life, were you do not necessary have to be religious to be moral in your decision-making. The strongest objection against Utilitarianism is that it cannot accommodate for moral considerations such as individuals rights and justice. This is because Utilitarianism only considers the consequence of an action. This objection is highlighted in a case concerning an innocent man whose was wrongfully convicted of a crime. In 1974, England, Gerry Conlon was falsely imprisoned, for the bombing of a pub in the town of Guilford, which killed five people. This case raises the issue that the consequences of an action should not be the only things considered when deciding which action to take. If a utilitarian was to view this case critics would argue that a utilitarian would have to conclude that even with, bad consequences resulting from convicting an innocent man, their would overall be more good consequences derived from the peace of mind gained from the loved one of the deceased, as well as the community of Guilford. Critics of Utilitarianism would argue that greater consequences would result in convicting the innocent man, therefore Utilitarianism is unable to regard the importance of justice, this philosophy must therefore be wrong. With the objection that Utilitarianism cannot accommodate for the importance of justice, a utilitarian would address this concern with the response that by choosing the action that results in the best consequences, justice will ultimately be protected. Justice will always be protected even if it is not a utilitarian ultimate purpose. In regards to Gerry Conlon case, a utilitarian would never choose to convict an innocent man of a crime he didn’t commit because, even if more happiness was achieved in the short run through this false conviction, in the long run more unhappiness is likely to result. In the long run the guilty man would be likely to bomb again or commit another crime, also if the liar was discovered then the situation would cause greater disutility than utility, and may result in the dispatch of the justice system, as-well as great upset for the deceased family members who thought the bomber had already been punished. Therefore even though Utilitarianism doesn’t accommodate the moral consideration of justice directly, greater utility will always be created from upholding the justice system. The other aspect of the objection address criticism that Utilitarianism doesn’t accommodating individuals rights, therefore critics believe Utilitarianism must be wrong. A utilitarian would argue that just because rights are not directly considered in relation to the consequences of an action, they do in-fact have some impact on the chosen action. With majority of the population getting happiness out of doing the right thing, rights are often protected through Utilitarianism. For the small minority of people that don’t experience unhappiness from disregarding human rights, the existence of the police force ensures human right are protected from these members of society. With human rights being protected under law, people rights will be upheld under Utilitarianism because there will always be a larger amount of disutility from violating the law than from the personal gains of a human right offender. For example the CEO and CFO of Tyco a New Jersey-based company stole $150 million and inflated Tyco incomes by $500 million, in doing so they violated the rights of investors. After the police discovered this fraud, the justice system penalized both, with a sentence of 8-25 years in prison with the addition of $2. 92 billion paid to Tyco Investors. Under Utilitarianism this case wouldn’t occur because the benefits of stealing this money would never outweigh the consequences that result from being caught for defrauding investors. Therefore even though rights are not considered in the consequence of an action, they have a strong connection with the chosen action. Word- 992.

Social Anxiety :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Social Anxiety A woman hates to stand in line in the grocery store because she's afraid that everyone is watching her. She knows that it's not really true, but she can't shake the feeling. While she is shopping, she is conscious of the fact that people might be staring at her from the big mirrors on the inside front of the ceiling. Now, she has to talk to the person who's checking out her groceries. She tries to smile, but her voice comes out weakly. She's sure she's making a fool of herself. Her self-consciousness and anxiety rise to the roof...(Richards 1) (1). A student won't attend her university classes on the first day because she knows that in some classes the professor will instruct them to go around the room and introduce themselves. Just thinking about sitting there, waiting to introduce herself to a roomful of strangers who will be staring at her makes her feel nauseous. She knows she won't be able to think clearly because her anxiety will be so high, and she is sure she will leave out important details...The anxiety is just too much to bear---so she skips the first day of class to avoid the possibility of having to introduce herself in class... (Richards 2) (2). These are just two examples of how people who suffer from social anxiety disorder feel about social situations and everyday interactions. Their fears can be paralyzing. Social anxiety disorder is the third largest psychological problem in the United States. It affects approximately 15 million Americans every year. It is a widely misunderstood disorder, where nearly 90% of people with social anxiety disorder are misdiagnosed. They are often misdiagnosed with schizophrenia, manic-depression, clinical depression, panic disorder, and or personality disorder (Richards 1-3). Misdiagnosis and undertreatment of anxiety disorders, according to "The Economic Burden of Anxiety Disorders," a study commissioned by the ADAA, costs the United States more than $42 billion a year and more than $22.84 billion is linked to the repeated use of healthcare services for symptoms that mimic physical illness. In addition, people with anxiety disorder are three-to-five times more likely to go to the doctor and six times more likely to be hospitalized for psychiatric disorders when compared to those who do not suffer from anxiety disorders ("Brief Overview of Anxiety Disorder s" 2) (3). Social anxiety disorder can be defined as the persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by others, and where exposure to such situations provokes anxiety.

Nutrition and The Journey of Life Essay

Caring for and fueling our bodies requires for the mother to take prenatal vitamins in order to meet us to keep a balanced nutrition. Just as our bodies The nutritional needs of the growing fetus. need the right nutrition’s so does a embryo, futons and baby in order to grow and develop properly. Nutrition and pregnancy The mother must make good nutritional The first eight weeks after fertilization which choices such as eating foods such as the ones is known as the embryonic stage the embryo gets its illustrated above rather then processed foods and nutrition from the lining of the uterus, but after week snacks that will provide little nutrients, these good 9 of development the growing fetus will get its nutritional habits can be practiced after birth and oxygen and nutrients from the placenta. Can be taught to the baby. The fetus is growing everyday which requires a If the nutritional needs of the fetus are not met variety of nutrients such as calcium, copper, folic acid, several health concerns may occur such as iron,vitamins A, B6, C, D and E. The demand for these Complications with fetal development, fetal size nutrients by the fetus will have to be met by having a organs, brain, and may cause a miscarriage and proper and Healthy diet, but it may also be necessary death of the infant and or mother. Post Birth Nutrition Additional Information From conception to birth the process of creating Having the proper knowledge of the nutritional baby requires a lot of energy and nutrient for the mother needs of the body before conception and post and the developing fetus, after the birth of the baby the child birth is very important for the well being newborn will continue to need nutrient in order to grow of the mother, fetus, and baby. The are several and develop. The baby will receive it nutrient from milk resources that people can use to learn more for the first year of its life so it is important to decide about the nutritional needs of the mother and weather the baby will consume breast mil or formula. fetus, listed below are some of these resources. Breast milk VS. Formula 1. Chosemyplate.gov Breast milk is the perfect food for babies it contains all 2. Medline Plus webpage and call center the nutrients that the baby will need to grow and 3. Baby center develop . Unlike formula breast milk contains properties 4. Seek the advice of your doctor that protect against infections such as white blood cells  also breast milk can pass on immune shots that the mother  may receive such as a flu shot. Formula are getting better  through he years to mach the ingredients found in breast   milk such as DHA and ARA. References Choose my plate. (2016). Retrieved from http://www.choosemyplate.gov/pregnancy-breastfeeding/pregnancy-nutritional-needs.html Grosvendr, M., & Gmolin, L. (2012). Visualizing Nutrition Everyday Choices (2nd ed.). Retrieved from .